20251018 视频-基要真理课程- 第五课 洗礼与圣餐
20251018 音频-基要真理课程- 第五课 洗礼与圣餐
洗礼和圣餐 青少年基要真理课第5课
2025年10月3日 Stephanie
基督教有一些重要的仪式，其中洗礼和圣餐是最重要的两个，和每一为位基督徒都息息相关。
洗礼
我们来看一些受洗的图片，和你心中的一样吗？有什么区别吗？
一.洗礼在圣经中的第1次记载
我想请大家回答一个问题，你觉得第1次记载是耶稣基督给人受洗? 还是施洗约翰呢？是在什么地方呢？
根据马太福音 3:1-6：约翰在约旦河里为人施洗，呼召人悔改，为耶稣基督预备的道路。
马可福音 1:4：约翰出来，在旷野施洗，传悔改的洗礼，使罪得赦。
这里先提到施洗约翰给人受洗。
然后在13~16节中，耶稣过来接受约翰的施洗，约翰知道耶稣的能力比他更大，自己就是给他提鞋也不配，不愿意给耶稣施洗。但是耶稣说：你暂且许我，因为我们理当尽诸般的义。这句话的意思简单点讲，就是耶稣顺服了神的旨意。
受洗完毕，发生什么事情呢? 我们来读一下马太福音三章16~19节。耶稣受了洗，随即从水里上来。天忽然为他开了，他就看见神的灵仿佛鸽子降下，落在他身上。从天上有声音说这是我的爱子，我所喜悦的。
通过耶稣的受洗，我们可以看到：
顺服父神，做对的事情
圣灵降临
得神称赞，确认为爱子
开始救赎事工
为我们做好的榜样
初代的教会中也有受洗，五旬节（使徒行传 2:38,41）：彼得说你们各人要悔改，奉耶稣基督的名受洗，叫你们的罪得赦，就必领受所赐的圣灵。那一天约有三千人受洗。
在旧约，虽然没有“受洗”这个词，但有很多“洁净礼、沐浴礼”，例如利未记 15:5-27：人若有污秽，要用水洗净身体。民数记 19:7：祭司献祭后，要洗身才算洁净。以西结书 36:25-26：我必用清水洒在你们身上，你们就洁净了。这些可看作“洗礼”的预表，大概经历了1400~1500年的时间。
二.受洗的几个重要观念
1.这是耶稣的命令
马太福音28章19节
所以，你们要去，使万民作我的门徒，奉父、子、圣灵的名给他们施洗（或作给他们施洗归于父、子、圣灵的名）
2.谁受洗
信而悔改的人
马可福音 16:16：信而受洗的必然得救。
使徒行传 2:38：你们各人要悔改，奉耶稣基督的名受洗。洗礼是对信心和悔改的回应。
3.洗礼意义
与基督联合
与耶稣同埋葬同死，并因他的复活进入新生命。罗6:3-4：岂不知我们这受洗归入基督耶稣的人，是受洗归入他的死吗？所以我们借着洗礼归入死，和他一同埋葬，叫我们一举一动有新生的样式。
赦罪和领受圣灵
使徒行传 2:38
你们各人要悔改，奉耶稣基督的名受洗，叫你们的罪得赦，就必领受所赐的圣灵。洗礼和悔改、赦罪、圣灵的恩赐紧密相连。
进入神家
加拉太书 3:27-28
你们受洗归入基督的，都是披戴基督了。并不分犹太人、希腊人，自主的、为奴的，或男或女，因为你们在基督耶稣里都成为一了。
洗礼是成为基督身体（教会）的一部分，得到新的属灵
信心的宣告
对神的确认， 向人的见证，向魔鬼的宣告。
对自己信心的肯定。
区分
不是因为受洗得旧，而是因为相信耶稣基督得救。
不同教派的立场
浸信会 / 重洗派
只有清楚悔改、亲自信靠耶稣的人才受洗。
婴儿不能受洗，因为他们还不能有信心。
路德宗 / 改革宗 / 天主教 / 东正教
婴儿也可受洗。
长大后要透过 坚信礼（Confirmation） 来确认自己的信仰。
圣餐
我们来看一些圣餐的图片，和你心中的一样吗？有什么区别吗？
一.圣经中有没有圣餐一词
我想请大家回答一个问题，圣经中有没有圣餐这一个词？圣经中用的是什么词？
擘饼
路加福音 22:19：耶稣拿起饼来，祝谢了，就擘开，递给他们，说：这是我的身体，为你们舍的，你们应当如此行，为的是记念我。
使徒行传 2:42：都恒心遵守使徒的教训，彼此交接、擘饼、祈祷。」
最早的教会常用“擘饼”（breaking of bread）来指圣餐。
主的晚餐
哥林多前书 11:20：「你们聚会的时候，算不得吃主的晚餐。这是最接近“圣餐”的圣经用词。希腊原文是 Kyriakon deipnon，意思就是 “主的筵席”。
祝福的杯和 主的杯
哥林多前书 10:16,21 提到「我们所祝福的杯」、「主的杯」。
后来的教会用圣餐（Holy Supper）：中文翻译多用“圣餐”，其实是“神圣的筵席”的意思。以及Communion。
二.关于圣餐的几个重要观念
1.主耶稣的设立
圣餐是耶稣在受难前的逾越节筵席上设立的（林前11:23-26）。
我当日传给你们的，原是从主领受的，就是主耶稣被卖的那一夜，拿起饼来，
祝谢了，就擘开，说：“这是我的身体，为你们舍的；你们应当如此行，为的是记念我。”
饭后，也照样拿起杯来，说：“这杯是用我的血所立的新约；你们每逢喝的时候，要如此行，为的是记念我。”
你们每逢吃这饼，喝这杯，是表明主的死，直等到他来。
饼象征耶稣在十字架上为我们被破碎的身体。杯中的葡萄汁象征祂为我们流出的宝血。 葡萄汁也象征那为多人所立的新约之血
太26:28
又 拿 起 杯 来 ， 祝 谢 了 ， 递 给 他 们 ， 说 ： 你 们 都 喝 这 个 ； 28因 为 这 是 我 立 约 的 血 ， 为 多 人 流 出 来 ， 使 罪 得 赦 。
2.圣餐的意义
使我们记念祂为我们所成就的救恩（逾越节的羔羊）。
提醒我们耶稣必再来（林前11:26；太26:29）。
林前11:26但 我 告 诉 你 们 ， 从 今 以 後 ， 我 不 再 喝 这 葡 萄 汁 ， 太26:29直 到 我 在 我 父 的 国 里 同 你 们 喝 新 的 那 日 子 但 我 告 诉 你 们 ， 从 今 以 後 ， 我 不 再 喝 这 葡 萄 汁 ， 直 到 我 在 我 父 的 国 里 同 你 们 喝 新 的 那 日 子
显明所有基督徒在基督里的合一
林前10:16-17
我 们 所 祝 福 的 杯 ， 岂 不 是 同 领 基 督 的 血 麽 ？ 我 们 所 擘 开 的 饼 ， 岂 不 是 同 领 基 督 的 身 体 麽 ？ 17我 们 虽 多 ， 仍 是 一 个 饼 ， 一 个 身 体 ， 因 为 我 们 都 是 分 受 这 一 个 饼
3.谁领圣餐
所有已经重生并受洗的人应当领受圣餐。
4.区别
圣餐本身不能使人得救。因信主耶稣基督得救。
5.领受圣餐的态度：
预备好自己的心
省察自己，并求神借耶稣的宝血赦免罪。
求神藉着饼和杯加力量给我们。
6.领受圣餐的次数可以是每月一次、每周一次、一年数次，或在特别的场合。主日 夏令会
6.不同教派的立场
教派 对圣餐的理解 基督临在方式 圣餐意义
天主教 实质变体 饼酒本质变为基督身体宝血 祭献，恩典管道
东正教 神秘临在 圣灵工作奥秘 与复活基督联合
路德宗 圣礼联合 饼酒中真实临在 赦罪与恩典保证
改革宗 属灵领受 圣灵使信徒属灵地与基督联合 信心的实际参与
再洗礼派/慈运理 纪念说 没有特殊临在 单纯纪念与团契
圣公会 中间立场 强调真实临在但否认实质变体 既纪念也领受恩典
福音派 纪念为主 象征性 纪念与自省
Baptism and Holy CommunionBaptism and Holy Communion
Youth Foundational Truths – Lesson 5
October 3, 2025 – Teacher: Stephanie
Christianity has several important ordinances, and baptism and holy communion are the two most significant ones. They are closely related to the life of every believer.
Baptism
Let’s look at some pictures of people being baptized.
Are they the same as what you imagined?
What differences do you notice?
1. The first mention of baptism in the Bible
Here’s a question: Who performed the first baptism recorded in the Bible — Jesus or John the Baptist? And where did it happen?
According to Matthew 3:1–6, John the Baptist preached repentance and baptized people in the Jordan River to prepare the way for Jesus Christ.
Mark 1:4 also says, “John appeared, baptizing in the wilderness and proclaiming a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.”
So the first baptism recorded was performed by John the Baptist.
Later, in verses 13–16, Jesus Himself came to be baptized by John.
John knew that Jesus was greater than he was and felt unworthy even to untie His sandals, so he hesitated.
But Jesus said, “Let it be so now; it is proper for us to do this to fulfill all righteousness.”
In other words, Jesus obeyed the will of God.
After Jesus was baptized, something special happened:
Let’s read Matthew 3:16–17 —
“As soon as Jesus was baptized, He went up out of the water. At that moment heaven was opened, and He saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and alighting on Him. And a voice from heaven said, ‘This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.’”
Through Jesus’ baptism we see:
Obedience to the Father and doing what is right.
The Holy Spirit descending.
God’s approval — declared as His beloved Son.
The beginning of His ministry of salvation.
A perfect example for us to follow.
In the early church, baptism was also practiced.
On the Day of Pentecost (Acts 2:38, 41), Peter said:
“Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.”
That day, about three thousand people were baptized!
In the Old Testament, though the word “baptism” was not used, there were many rituals of cleansing with water — for example:
Leviticus 15:5–27 – washing to become clean.
Numbers 19:7 – priests washed after offering sacrifices.
Ezekiel 36:25–26 – “I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you will be clean.”
These rituals were foreshadowings of baptism, practiced for more than 1,400 years.
2. Key truths about baptism
Baptism is commanded by Jesus
Matthew 28:19 —
“Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.”
Who should be baptized?
Those who believe and repent.
Mark 16:16 — “Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved.”
Acts 2:38 — “Repent and be baptized, every one of you.”
Baptism is a response to faith and repentance.
The meaning of baptism
Union with Christ —
To be buried and raised with Jesus into new life.
Romans 6:3–4 — “Don’t you know that all of us who were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death?… so that we too may live a new life.”
Forgiveness and receiving the Holy Spirit —
Acts 2:38 — baptism is closely connected to repentance, forgiveness, and the gift of the Holy Spirit.
Becoming part of God’s family —
Galatians 3:27–28 —
“For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ… you are all one in Christ Jesus.”
Baptism brings us into the body of Christ (the Church).
A public declaration of faith —
It is a testimony before God, before others, and even before the enemy that we belong to Christ.
Clarification —
We are not saved because we are baptized, but because we believe in Jesus Christ.
Different church views:
Baptists / Anabaptists: Only those who personally repent and believe should be baptized; infants should not be baptized.
Lutheran / Reformed / Catholic / Orthodox: Infants may be baptized, and later confirm their faith through Confirmation.
Holy Communion
Let’s look at some pictures of the Lord’s Supper.
Are they like what you imagine? What differences do you see?
1. The term “Holy Communion” in the Bible
Does the Bible use the term “Holy Communion”?
Let’s see what words it actually uses:
Breaking of Bread —
Luke 22:19 — “He took bread, gave thanks, broke it, and gave it to them, saying, ‘This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me.’”
Acts 2:42 — “They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer.”
The early church often used “breaking of bread” to refer to communion.
The Lord’s Supper —
1 Corinthians 11:20 — “When you come together, it is not the Lord’s Supper you eat.”
This is the biblical phrase closest to “Holy Communion.” The Greek Kyriakon deipnon means “the Lord’s banquet.”
The Cup of Blessing / The Lord’s Cup —
1 Corinthians 10:16, 21 mention “the cup of blessing” and “the Lord’s cup.”
Later, the church used the term “Holy Communion” (meaning ‘the sacred meal’) and “Communion”, emphasizing fellowship with Christ and with one another.
2. Key truths about Holy Communion
Instituted by Jesus Himself
Holy Communion was established by Jesus at His last Passover meal before His crucifixion.
1 Corinthians 11:23–26 —
“The Lord Jesus, on the night He was betrayed, took bread, and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, ‘This is My body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of Me.’ In the same way, after supper He took the cup, saying, ‘This cup is the new covenant in My blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of Me.’ For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes.”
The bread represents His body broken for us.
The cup (grape juice) represents His blood shed for us — the new covenant in His blood.
Matthew 26:28 — “This is My blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.”
The meaning of Communion
To remember the salvation Jesus accomplished for us (like the Passover lamb).
To remind us that Jesus will come again (1 Cor. 11:26; Matt. 26:29).
To demonstrate the unity of all believers in Christ (1 Cor. 10:16–17):
“Is not the cup of thanksgiving a participation in the blood of Christ? And is not the bread that we break a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one loaf, we who are many are one body.”
Who should take Communion?
All who have been born again and baptized should partake in communion.
Clarification
Communion itself does not save; salvation comes through faith in Jesus Christ.
The right attitude in taking Communion
Prepare your heart before God.
Examine yourself and confess your sins.
Ask God to strengthen you through the bread and the cup.
Frequency of Communion
It can be observed monthly, weekly, several times a year, or on special occasions — such as Sunday worship or summer camp.
